• Rei Otsuka, Koji Tamakoshi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Keiko Wada, Kunihiro Matsushita, Pei OuYang, Yo Hotta, Seiko Takefuji, Hirotsugu Mitsuhashi, Kaichiro Sugiura, Satoshi Sasaki, John G Kral, and Hideaki Toyoshima.
• Department of Public Health/Health Information Dynamics, Field of Social Life Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
• Prev Med. 2008 Feb 1; 46 (2): 154-9.

ObjectiveTo examine relationships between speed of eating and insulin resistance.MethodsCross-sectional study of 2704 male (mean age and BMI: 48.2 y and 23.3 kg/m(2)) and 761 female (46.3 y and 21.8 kg/m(2)) non-diabetic Japanese civil servants, 75% clerical, and 25% manual laborers, using a two-part questionnaire on life-style factors and diet history with self-assessment of categorical speed of eating and energy intake over a 1-month period. We measured BMI, blood glucose and insulin concentrations and calculated insulin resistance using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance: (HOMA-IR).ResultsBMI correlated with eating rate in both sexes, and with daily energy intake in men. Multiple regression analysis of log HOMA-IR by categorical speed of eating, adjusting for age, energy intake and lifestyle factors showed a statistically significant gradual increase in HOMA-IR with increases in relative eating rate in men (p<0.001, for trend) and in women (p<0.01). Adjusting for BMI, this positive relationship appeared only in men (p=0.03).ConclusionsOur results suggest that eating fast is independently associated with insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese men and women.

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