• Bill Zhao, Ronald Cheung, and Monali S Malvankar-Mehta.
• Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
• Curr Med Res Opin. 2022 Jun 1; 38 (6): 955-962.

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between glaucoma and the risk of Parkinson's disease.MethodsA systematic search of databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL were conducted. Grey literature search, including Dissertations and Theses databases and conference abstracts, was performed. Duplicates were removed, and two independent reviewers conducted the screening. We included any primary observational studies that examined the relationship between glaucoma and Parkinson's disease. Study characteristics along with relevant outcome measurements such as hazard ratio (HR), odds ratio (OR), and prevalence were extracted. Meta-analysis using STATA 15.0 was performed, and the presence of heterogeneity was determined using I2 statistics, Z-test, and p-value.ResultsA total of 746 citations were found through the databases and grey literature searches. After screening, five studies met the inclusion criteria, and three studies were included in the meta-analysis. There was a non-significant hazard of developing Parkinson's disease (Hazard Ratio = 1.13, 95% CI: [0.99, 1.29]) in patients with glaucoma compared to controls.DiscussionThe hazard of developing Parkinson's disease was non-significantly different for those with glaucoma compared to controls; however, there were not enough studies available to draw definitive conclusions.

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