• Hyung-Jun Kim, JoonNyung Heo, Deokjae Han, and Hong Sang Oh.
• Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
• Yonsei Med. J. 2022 May 1; 63 (5): 422-429.

PurposeWe previously developed learning models for predicting the need for intensive care and oxygen among patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Here, we aimed to prospectively validate the accuracy of these models.Materials And MethodsProbabilities of the need for intensive care [intensive care unit (ICU) score] and oxygen (oxygen score) were calculated from information provided by hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=44) via a web-based application. The performance of baseline scores to predict 30-day outcomes was assessed.ResultsAmong 44 patients, 5 and 15 patients needed intensive care and oxygen, respectively. The area under the curve of ICU score and oxygen score to predict 30-day outcomes were 0.774 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.614-0.934] and 0.728 (95% CI: 0.559-0.898), respectively. The ICU scores of patients needing intensive care increased daily by 0.71 points (95% CI: 0.20-1.22) after hospitalization and by 0.85 points (95% CI: 0.36-1.35) after symptom onset, which were significantly different from those in individuals not needing intensive care (p=0.002 and <0.001, respectively). Trends in daily oxygen scores overall were not markedly different; however, when the scores were evaluated within <7 days after symptom onset, the patients needing oxygen showed a higher daily increase in oxygen scores [1.81 (95% CI: 0.48-3.14) vs. -0.28 (95% CI: 1.00-0.43), p=0.007].ConclusionOur machine learning models showed good performance for predicting the outcomes of COVID-19 patients and could thus be useful for patient triage and monitoring.© Copyright: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2022.

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