• Ziyu Wang, Ziye Kong, Chenlin Li, Jimin Liang, and Xuqun You.
• School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China; Key Laboratory for Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience of Shaanxi Province, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
• Neuroscience. 2022 Jul 1; 494: 132-139.

AbstractTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used to explore the causal relationship between specific brain regions and task switching. However, most studies have focused on the frontal cortex, and only few have examined other related cortices, e.g., the parietal cortex. So far, no prior study has systematically explored the tDCS-induced effect of the parietal cortex in different task switching types. Therefore, the current study mainly used the unilateral anodal-tDCS (a-tDCS) stimulation setting to investigate the possible involvement of the parietal cortex in predictable and unpredictable task switching. It was noted that compared with sham group, significantly higher switch cost reaction time of right anode tDCS (RA) group was found in predictable task but not unpredictable task. No interaction effect was observed between congruence and tDCS groups in predictable task. These findings suggested that a-tDCS over right parietal cortex could markedly decrease the predictable task-switching performance in both congruent and incongruent trials, and indicated that parietal cortex is more likely to be involved in the proactive cognitive processes, such as endogenous preparation.Copyright © 2022 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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