• Supreet P Marathe, Mariana Chávez, Antonia Schulz, Lynn A Sleeper, Gerald R Marx, Sitaram M Emani, Pedro J Del Nido, and Christopher W Baird.
• Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2022 Dec 1; 164 (6): 19801990.e71980-1990.e7.

ObjectiveTo determine the contemporary outcomes of the double switch operation (DSO) (ie, Mustard or Senning + arterial switch).MethodsA single-institution, retrospective review of all patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries undergoing a DSO.ResultsBetween 1999 and 2019, 103 patients underwent DSO with a Mustard (n = 93) or Senning (n = 10) procedure. Segmental anatomy was (S, L, L) in 93 patients and (I, D, D) in 6 patients. Eight patients had heterotaxy and 71 patients had a ventricular septal defect. Median age was 2.1 years (range, 1.8 months-40 years), including 34 patients younger than age 1 year (33%). Median weight was 10.9 kg (range, 3.4-64 kg). Sixty-one patients had prior pulmonary artery bands for a median of 1.1 years (range, 14 days-12.9 years; interquartile range, 0.7-3.1 years). Median intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay were 5 and 10 days, respectively. Median follow-up was 3.4 years (interquartile range, 1-9.8 years) and 5.2 years (interquartile range, 2.3-10.7 years) in 79 patients with >1 year follow-up. At latest follow-up, aortic, mitral, tricuspid valve regurgitation, and left ventricle dysfunction was less than moderate in 96%, 98%, 96%, and 93%, respectively. Seventeen patients underwent reoperation: neoaortic valve intervention (n = 10), baffle revision (n = 5), and ventricular septal defect closure (n = 4). At latest follow-up, 17 patients (17%) had a pacemaker and 27 (26%) had cardiac resynchronization therapy devices. There were 2 deaths and 2 transplants. Transplant-free survival was 94.6% at 5 years. Risk factors for death or transplant included longer cardiopulmonary bypass time and older age at DSO.ConclusionsThe outcomes of the DSO are promising. Earlier age at operation might favor better outcomes. Progressive neoaortic regurgitation and reinterventions on the neo-aortic valve are anticipated problems.Copyright © 2022 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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