• Shahem Abbarh, Abdulrahman F Al-Mashdali, Mohamed Abdelrazek, Venkada Manickam Gurusamy, and Mohamed A Yassin.
• Internal Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Jun 24; 101 (25): e29334.

IntroductionSpinal cord compression secondary to extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a rare condition. Variable treatment options have been reported with different efficacy and recurrence rate. Due to its rarity, no clear optimal management guidelines have been established yet.Patient Concerns And DiagnosisWe report a recurrence of spinal cord compression secondary to EMH in a 19-year-old male, with a background of transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia on luspatercept, who presented with weakness in both lower limbs.Interventions And OutcomesHe was treated successfully both times with radiotherapy.ConclusionEarly diagnosis and management of EMH compressing the spinal cord are essential to prevent permanent neurological damage. Diagnosis should be suspected based on the clinical presentation and magnetic resonance imaging findings in a patient with a history of ineffective hemopoiesis. Treatment option remains controversial. Radiotherapy option seems effective, even in recurrent cases, and valid, particularly for those at high risk of surgery or who do not prefer it.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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