• Ingrid Allagbé, Marianne Zeller, Daniel Thomas, Guillaume Airagnes, Frédéric Limosin, Abdelali Boussadi, Frédéric Chagué, and Anne-Laurence Le Faou.
• Physiopathology and Epidemiology Cerebro-cardiovascular (PEC2, EA 7460), Faculty of Health Science (UFR des Sciences de Santé), University Burgundy and Franche-Comté, Dijon, France; Outpatient Addictology Center, AP-HP Center, University of Paris, Paris, France; Groupement d'intérêt Scientifique du Réseau français d'excellence de Recherche sur Tabac, nicotine et produit connexes (GIS REfer Tab), Paris, France. Electronic address: ingridallagbe@yahoo.com.
• Am J Prev Med. 2022 Nov 1; 63 (5): 800808800-808.

IntroductionSmoking is particularly harmful to the cardiovascular system, and smoking-cessation is a key target for cardiovascular prevention. From a large nationwide database on subjects who visited smoking-cessation services, this study assessed the profile and abstinence rate comparing female with male smokers at high cardiovascular risk.MethodsThis was an observational study from the French smoking-cessation services cohort (French national cohort Consultations de Dépendance Tabagique) between 2001 and 2018. Inclusion criteria were being aged ≥18 years and having ≥1 cardiovascular risk factor. Abstinence was self-reported (stopping cigarettes or other tobacco products use ≥28 consecutive days) and confirmed by exhaled carbon monoxide <10 parts per million. Analysis was conducted in 2021.ResultsAmong 36,864 people who smoke, 15,407 (42%) were women. Women were 3 years younger (48 vs 51 years, p<0.001) and more educated (≥high school diploma: 54% vs 45%, p<0.001) than men. The burden of cardiovascular risk factors was slightly lower in women than in men and, for hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, were half as frequent in women as they were in men (16% vs 32%, p<0.001). However, women suffered more often from obesity, respiratory diseases, and anxiety‒depression symptoms (53% vs 39%, p<0.001). Finally, although women were less nicotine dependent, their abstinence rate was slightly lower (52.6% vs 55.2%, p<0.001).ConclusionsWomen who smoked had a high burden of risk factors, especially obesity and elevated rates of lung diseases, and a lower abstinence rate, with more common anxiety‒depression symptoms. Men who smoked had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease, higher nicotine dependence, and coaddictions. These findings highlight the need to strengthen cardiovascular prevention strategies through comprehensive sex-tailored smoking-cessation interventions.Copyright © 2022 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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