• Nutrition · Nov 2022

    Associations between soft-drink consumption and lifestyle patterns in overweight and obese European adults: Feel4 Diabetes Study.

    • Kyriakos Reppas, Maria Michelle Papamichael, Theodora Boutsikou, Greet Cardon, Violeta Iotova, Tanya Stefanova, Roumyana Dimova, Rurik Imre, Anett Sandor Istvanne Radó, Stavros Liatis, Konstantinos Makrilakis, Luis Moreno, Katja Wikström, Yannis Manios, and Feel4 Diabetes Study Group.
    • Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Kallithea, Greece.
    • Nutrition. 2022 Nov 1; 103-104: 111769.

    ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to identify lifestyle patterns that are characteristic of overweight and obese European adults in the context of educational level.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study of dietary data from 1235 men and 10 343 women. Dietary intake, educational level, and physical activity were assessed using questionnaires. A principal component analysis was used to derive lifestyle patterns, and associations with being overweight or obese (OW/OB) and waist circumference (WC) were explored by applying a multivariate logistic regression.ResultsOverall, 35% of women and 68% of men were OW/OB, of whom 30% and 40%, respectively, had ≤12 y of education. The principal component analysis derived 2 distinct dietary patterns (healthy vs. unhealthy). The daily intake of fruits (fresh, canned, and juice) and vegetables was found to be associated with lower odds of being OW/OB and WC in women only. In contrast, the daily intake of diet soft drinks was associated with higher odds of being OW/OB in women and men, but the daily intake of sweets was associated with higher odds of WC in women only. In both sexes, having >12 y of education was inversely associated with being OW/OB. No associations were observed for regular soft-drink intake.ConclusionsA healthy dietary pattern constituting of a daily intake of fruits and vegetables was inversely associated with being OW/OB in women. Conversely, a diet soft-drink intake was positively associated with being OW/OB in both sexes, probably because of a reduction in overall energy intake. More studies are recommended to clarify the effectiveness of diet soft-drink consumption in controlling caloric intake and as a healthier alternative to regular soft drinks and sweets.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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