• Yousaf Jamal Mahsood, Mashal Bano, Saima Farooq, and Muhammad Zia Ud Din Khalil.
• Department of Ophthalmology, Khyber Girls Medical College, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan.
• J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2022 Aug 1; 32 (8): 1033-1036.

ObjectiveTo compare the HIV-related ocular manifestations between HAART-naïve (Highly active antiretroviral therapy) and HAART-treated patients.Study DesignObservational (comparative) Study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Ophthalmology and Family Care Centre of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan, from October 2019 to July 2021.MethodologyHIV-infected patients, who were receiving HAART treatment as well as HAART-naïve, were recruited. A complete ocular examination was performed to check for HIV-related ocular manifestations. Anterior and posterior segment findings were recorded and compared between the two groups.ResultsOf the 80 participants (40 in each group), 62 (77.5%) were males and 18 (22.5) were females with no significant difference between the groups for either gender (p=1.0). A significant difference, between the two groups, was found in the mean duration (838.64 + 908.16 days) of HIV infection at the time of recruitment (p<0.001). HIV-related ocular manifestations were found in 6 (7.5%) with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=1.0). Similarly, the involvement of systemic co-infections was found in 6 (7.5%) with no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.675).ConclusionThere was no difference in both groups when analysed for HIV-related ocular manifestations or systemic co-infections. The authors' finding contradict with some of the previously published data. Therefore, it is recommended that further research should be carried out to reach definite conclusion.Key WordsHIV, Eye manifestations, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV-related opportunistic infections, Pakistan.

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