• Pai-Yu Cheng, Yi-You Huang, Fu-Shan Jaw, Shiu-Dong Chung, and Chung-You Tsai.
• Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Aug 26; 101 (34): e30314.

RationaleBladder calcification is a rare presentation that was first interpreted to be related to a urea-splitting bacterial infection. Aside from infection, other hypotheses such as schistosomiasis, tuberculosis, cancer, and cytokine-induced inflammatory processes have also been reported. Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known for its provoking cytokine storm and uninhibited systematic inflammation, and calcification over the coronary artery or lung has been reported as a long-term complication.Patient ConcernsWe presented a 68 years old man who had persistent lower urinary tract symptoms after recovery from severe COVID-19. No urea-splitting bacteria were identified from urine culture.DiagnosisCystoscopy examination revealed diffuse bladder mucosal and submucosa calcification.InterventionsTransurethral removal of the mucosal calcification with lithotripsy.OutcomesThe patient's lower urinary tract symptoms improved, and stone analysis showed 98% calcium phosphate and 2% calcium oxalate. No newly formed calcifications were found at serial follow-up.ConclusionDiffuse bladder calcification may be a urinary tract sequela of COVID-19 infection. Patients with de novo lower urinary tract symptoms after severe COVID-19 should be further investigated.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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