• Helena Monzón, Laura Gisbert, Meritxell Salvadó, Miquel Puyol, Mariona Xercavins, Asunción Gasós, Maria Sanjaume, Beatriz Dietl, Josep Maria Caballero, Patricia Sigüenza, Ángeles Jaen, Javier Garau, and Esther Calbo.
• Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Martorell, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Infectious Diseases. Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
• Eur. J. Intern. Med. 2022 Dec 1; 106: 9710297-102.

BackgroundFebrile urinary tract infections (fUTI) in men are frequently complicated with subclinical prostatic involvement, measured by a transient increase in serum prostate-specific-antigen (sPSA). The aim of this study was to evaluate recurrence rates in a 6-month follow-up period of 2-week versus 4-week antibiotic treatment in men with fUTI, based on prostatic involvement. Clinical and microbiological cure rates at the end-of-therapy (EoT) were also assessed.MethodsOpen label, not-controlled, prospective study. Consecutive men diagnosed of fUTI were included. Duration of therapy was 2 weeks for patients with a sPSA level <5mg/L (short duration therapy, SDT) or 4 weeks for PSA >5 mg/L (long duration therapy, LDT).ResultsNinety-one patients were included; 19 (20%) received SDT. Median age was 56.9 years (range 23-88). Bacteremia was present in 9.8% of patients (Escherichia coli was isolated in 91%). Both groups had similar demographic, clinical characteristics and laboratory findings. Median PSA levels were 2.3 mg/L in the SDT group vs 23.4 mg/L in the LDT group. In the 6-month visit, 26% of patients had achieved complete follow-up. Nonsignificant differences between groups were found neither in recurrence rates after 6 months (9% in SDT vs 10% in LDT) nor in clinical or microbiological cure rates at EoT (100% in SDT vs 95% in LDT and 95% in SDT vs 93% in LDT respectively).ConclusionsOne fifth of men with fUTI did not present apparent prostatic involvement. A 2-week regimen seems adequate in terms of clinical, microbiological cure and recurrence rates for those patients without PSA elevation.Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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