• Niger J Clin Pract · Oct 2022

    Assessment of skeletal relationships in cleft palate with or without cleft lip: A cone-beam computed tomography study in a pakistani population.

    • M Qadeer, S Jaafar, M F Khamis, H Khan, T Khan, and M Q Saeed.
    • Basic and Medical Sciences Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia; Department of Oral Biology, Institute of Dentistry, CMH Lahore Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    • Niger J Clin Pract. 2022 Oct 1; 25 (10): 1699-1703.

    BackgroundUnderstanding the different skeletal relationships in orofacial clefts by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) may eventually lead to developing better diagnosis and treatment protocols for facial deformities.AimsThe objective of this study was to investigate the different skeletal relationships in the cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP ± L), using CBCT scans. This is a retrospective study conducted at the Orthodontics and Oral Radiology department, CMH-Lahore medical college and Institute of dentistry. In the current study, 4,152 CBCT scans (dcm format) were collected from a radiology center in Lahore, Pakistan between February 2015 and February 2018. All CBCT scans were imported to the Romexis Viewer, version 4.4.0 (Planmeca, Finland). Data sorting was performed to identify age, sex, cleft phenotype, unilateral cleft quadrant, sagittal skeletal relationship, and facial soft tissue involvement.Materials And MethodsStatistics were generated, using the Chi-square test. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsWe identified 73 cases of CP ± L in the sample. The male-to-female ratio was 1.21:1. Bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) mostly affected males (60%), whereas unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) mainly affected females (57.6%), with a left-side female predominance. The different cleft phenotypes do not show any statistically significant difference regarding skeletal relationships and sex (P > 0.05).ConclusionsSkeletal class III relationships were found to be predominant in both sexes, followed by class II, and class I skeletal relationships. Henceforth, such CP ± L patients should be pre-emptively screened in early life to avoid such skeletal complications.

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