• Saisai Liu, Rugang Lu, Yunfei Guo, and Gao Xiucheng.
• From the Division of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Nov 4; 101 (44): e31580e31580.

RationaleUreteral triplication (UT) is a very rare disorder, with a challenging diagnosis and varied therapeutic methods. In the past, the treatment usually involved heminephrureterectomy of the stunted moiety. Here, we reported a case of complete UT that was treated by laparoscopic triple-ureteral ureteroureterostomy (UU).Patient ConcernsA 2-year-old girl presented with frequent urine incontinence. Intravenous pyelography and voiding cystourethrography revealed a 3-segment left kidney with pelvi-ureteric dilation of the upper and middle moieties and grade IV to V vesicoureteral reflux. Laparoscopic triple-UU was successfully performed in the child, after which vesicoureteral reflux and urinary incontinence disappeared completely, hydronephrosis was improved, and hemirenal resection was avoided.DiagnosisBased on the imageological examination results, the final diagnosis of the 2-year-old girl was as follows: left 3 renal pelvis with complete ureteral duplication, combined with upper and middle hydronephrosis, and upper and middle vesicoureteral reflux grade IV to V.InterventionLaparoscopic triple-ureteral ureteroureterostomy was performed under general anesthesia.OutcomesThe patient recovered smoothly without complications after surgery. At 6 months follow-up, ultrasonography of the urinary system showed that hydronephrosis of the dilated kidney segment was attenuated.LessonsLaparoscopic triple-ureteral UU was successful in our patient. For children with duplex kidney and multiple ureteral duplications, minimally invasive urinary tract reconstruction can be a suitable intervention.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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