• Xinze Wu, Jinlong Guo, Xinlong Chen, Peipei Han, Liqin Huang, Youran Peng, Xin Zhou, Jiasen Huang, Chengyao Wei, Yaqing Zheng, Ziwei Zhang, Ming Li, and Qi Guo.
• Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China.
• J Formos Med Assoc. 2023 Jul 1; 122 (7): 603611603-611.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether cognitive function is associated with future falls in older patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) compared with those without DM. Cognitive function was divided into several domains to further analyze.MethodsA total of 678 individuals met the inclusion criteria and comprised the final study population. The mean age was 74.35 ± 5.35 years, and 58.9% of the participants were female (n = 400). At the baseline, cognitive function was measured by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and DM diagnoses were determined by medical records. The self-reported any falls data were obtained via face-to-face questioning at the 1-year follow-up.ResultsAt baseline, 15.6% of participants (n = 106) were diagnosed with DM. According to whether they had any falls during 1-year follow-up, there was a significant difference between the two group in fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.012) and DM (p = 0.036) at baseline. Among the older adults with DM, those who had experienced any falls had poorer cognitive function (p = 0.014). After adjusting for various covariates, we found that MMSE (95% CI 0.790-0.991, p = 0.034), orientation to place (95% CI 0.307-0.911, p = 0.022) and registration (95% CI 0.162-0.768, p = 0.009) were significantly associated with falls in the follow-up.ConclusionOur study found that in patients with DM, cognitive function is related to future falls. Not only overall cognitive function, but also orientation to place and registration were all associated with future falls in older adults with DM. When completing the fall risk assessment of elderly patients with DM, clinicians should give more attention to the testing of cognitive function.Copyright © 2022 Formosan Medical Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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