• Guanying Gao, Yuhao Liu, Yingfang Ao, Jianquan Wang, and Yan Xu.
• Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Nov 11; 101 (45): e31715e31715.

RationalLow-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) is an atypical type of tumor composed of myofibroblasts. LGMS in the femoral head neck junction is extremely rare and no case treated by hip arthroscopy was reported.Patient ConcernsWe reported a case of LGMS in the femoral head neck junction treated by hip arthroscopy. A 30-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with discomfort and pain after left hip sprained one year prior. Physical examination revealed swelling of the left hip and magnetic resonance images showed a soft tissue mass in the femoral head neck junction.DiagnosisVia microscopy of pathological specimens, spindle cell proliferative lesions, atypia of some cells, and mitotic figures/pathological mitotic figures of some cells were observed. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive for smooth muscle actin, focally positive for CD34 and CD68, while negative for S-100, desmin, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase. The imaging, histomorphological and immunohistochemical features suggested a final diagnosis of LGMS of the proximal femur.InterventionsThis patient underwent hip arthroscopy for excision of the soft tissue mass.OutcomesThe clinical and imaging follow-up at 6 months postoperatively showed that surgery had achieved good clinical outcomes.LessonsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of LGMS in the femoral head neck junction treated by hip arthroscopy. Beyond the present case, other 120 cases from 58 literatures (1998-2022) are reviewed and discussed. The age of LGMS patients ranged from 11 months to 77 years and the male-to-female ratio was approximately 1.28:1. The location distribution of previously reported LGMS cases and the present case was as follows: Head&neck (45.90%), trunk (30.33%), and extremity (23.77%). Hip arthroscopic excision of LGMS may achieve relatively good clinical outcomes.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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