• Huizhen Lin, Xiaona Huang, Yue Zhao, Yangyang Wang, Shasha Wang, Fang Hong, Mei Pan, and Liu Liu.
• Center of Reproductive Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Dec 2; 101 (48): e32175e32175.

RationaleWhether continuous low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) supplementation during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) can improve oocyte and embryo quality is still controversial in clinical practice.Patient ConcernsWe report the first case series of inadvertent COH in luteal-phase stimulation in the presence of endogenous or exogenous low-dose hCG.DiagnosesPatients were diagnosed with infertility.OutcomesThe first two cases had inadvertent COH during preexisting pregnancy, and one of which produced more high-quality embryos (5 vs 1) in the presence of low hCG. Both cases had a live birth. The third case had 7 repeated failures of IVF, during which a total of 55 oocytes were obtained, but only 3 developed into transferable embryo. However, supplementation of 330 IU hCG per day from the onset of COH resulted in the recovery of one high-quality embryo and subsequent delivery of a healthy baby following fresh embryo transfer in eighth attemption.LessonsIn conclude, supplementation with low-dose hCG from the onset of ovarian stimulation can improve oocyte quality without impairing endometrial receptivity.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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