• Ping-Yang Hong, Xiao-Bin Zhang, Hui-Qing Zeng, Yi-Lin Zhao, and Mao-Hong Huang.
• Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University; the Third Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Dec 16; 101 (50): e32105e32105.

RationaleGorham-Stout syndrome is a sporadic condition characterized by a tumor-like lesion with extensive osteolysis, severe symptoms, and a poor prognosis. Poor prognostic indicators include osteolytic lesions of the spine and pleura effusion.Patient ConcernsA 67-year-old Chinese man with five months history of chest tightness presented to our institution with aggravated shortness of breath. Ultrasonography demonstrated hydrothorax on the right side. The patient's imaging studies (computerized tomography [CT] scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography [PET]/CT) revealed osteolytic lesions (the skull, several spines, several ribs, both shoulder blades, and the pelvis).DiagnosesGorham-Stout syndrome. (4) Interventions: We advised the patient to follow a low-fat diet. On the patient, we performed a superior vena cava angiography. The injection of zoledronic acid was used to prevent bone loss.OutcomesWe found resolution of chylothorax after a low-fat diet, superior vena cava angiography and injection of zoledronic acid.LessonsThe possibility of Gorham -Stout syndrome should be ruled out in patients with clinical chylothorax. The relief of chylothorax requires comprehensive treatment.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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