• Rosario Menéndez, Raúl Méndez, Ana Latorre, Paula González-Jiménez, Germán Peces-Barba, María Molina, Pedro Pablo España, Estela García, Angélica Consuegra-Vanegas, Ana Pando-Sandoval, Carolina Panadero, Juan Marco Figueira-Gonçalves, David De la Rosa, Oriol Sibila, María Dolores Martínez-Pitarch, Nuria Toledo, Pilar Cejudo, Wanda Almonte-Batista, Abigail Macías-Paredes, Diana Badenes, Eli Nancy Pérez-Rodas, Javier Lázaro, Sarai Quirós, Rosa Cordovilla, Irene Cano-Pumarega, Antoni Torres, and RECOVID.
• Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
• J. Intern. Med. 2023 Jul 1; 294 (1): 698269-82.

IntroductionAfter severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia, patients may show lung sequelae on radiology and functional impairment at the 1-year follow-up. We aimed to describe the persistence of symptoms, radiological alterations, or reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO ) at 1-year follow-up in patients from the Spanish Registry RECOVID.MethodsRECOVID collected symptom and radiological and functional lung tests data on hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 during the acute phase and at the 6- and 12-month follow-up visits.ResultsOf the 2500 enrolled survivors (90% admitted to the ward), 1874 had follow-up visits for up to a year. Of these, 42% continued to present with symptoms, 27% had radiological sequelae and 31% had reduced DLCO . Independently associated factors included female sex, asthma and the requirement for invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Complete radiological resolution was 72.2% at 12 months; associated factors with incomplete recovery were age, male sex, oxygen or respiratory support, corticosteroids and an initial SpO2 /FiO2 <450 or CURB-65 ≥2. Reduced DLCO was observed in 31% of patients at 12 months; associated factors were older age, female sex, smoking habit, SpO2 /FiO2 <450 and CURB-65 ≥2 and the requirement of respiratory support.At 12 months, a proportion of the asymptomatic patients showed reduced DLCO (9.5%), radiological findings (25%) or both (11%).ConclusionsThe factors associated with symptom persistence, incomplete radiological resolution and DLCO <80% differed according to age, sex, comorbidities and respiratory support. The burden of symptoms, reduced DLCO and incomplete radiological resolution were considerable in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at the 1-year follow-up after hospitalisation.© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Internal Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Publication of The Journal of Internal Medicine.

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