• Filippo Migliorini, Gianluca Vecchio, Christian David Weber, Daniel Kämmer, Andreas Bell, and Nicola Maffulli.
• Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
• Br. Med. Bull. 2023 Sep 12; 147 (1): 798979-89.

IntroductionTransient bone osteoporosis (TBO) is characterized by persistent pain, loss of function, no history of trauma and magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings of bone marrow edema.Source Of DataPubMed, Google scholar, EMABSE and Web of Science were accessed in February 2023. No time constrains were used for the search.Areas Of AgreementTBO is rare and misunderstood, typically affecting women during the third trimester of pregnancy or middle-aged men, leading to functional disability for 4-8 weeks followed by self-resolution of the symptoms.Areas Of ControversyGiven the limited evidence in the current literature, consensus on optimal management is lacking.Growing PointsThis systematic review investigates current management of TBO.Areas Timely For Developing ResearchA conservative approach leads to the resolution of symptoms and MRI findings at midterm follow-up. Administration of bisphosphonates might alleviate pain and accelerate both clinical and imaging recovery.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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