• Feng-Min Zhang, Chun-Hua Song, Zeng-Qing Guo, Zhen Yu, Min Weng, Fu-Xiang Zhou, Ming Liu, Ming-Hua Cong, Tao Li, Zeng-Ning Li, Jun-Qiang Chen, Jiu-Wei Cui, Hong-Xia Xu, Wei Li, Han-Ping Shi, Cheng-Le Zhuang, and Investigation on Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Common Cancers (INSCOC) Group.
• Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
• Nutrition. 2023 Oct 1; 114: 112107112107.

ObjectiveAlthough previous studies have implicated the negative outcomes of sarcopenia, evidence is limited to one or a few types of cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution and influencing factors of sarcopenia, and explore the relationship between sarcopenia and cancer prognosis in a large oncological population.MethodsThis observational cohort study included patients diagnosed with malignant cancer between May 2011 and January 2019. Hematologic and anthropometric parameters were collected prospectively. Low skeletal muscle mass and radiodensity were diagnosed using clinical indicators, according to the two prediction models. The importance of potential risk factors for sarcopenia was estimated by subtracting the predicted degrees of freedom from the partial χ2 statistic. Hazard rates of death were calculated using the hazard function and Cox regression analyses.ResultsWe included 13 761 patients with cancer; the prevalence of sarcopenia was 33%. The median age was 58 y and 7135 patients (52%) were men. Patients with sarcopenia had a worse nutritional status and quality of life than those without sarcopenia. Age was the most important risk factor for sarcopenia compared with body mass index or TNM stage. Additionally, patients with sarcopenia had a significantly higher and earlier peak risk for mortality. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, sarcopenia was independently associated with mortality in the research population (hazard ratio, 1.429; P < 0.001) and most cancer types.ConclusionAge is the most important risk factor for sarcopenia even in patients with cancer. Sarcopenia is strongly associated with a poor quality of life and reduced overall survival.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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