• Sultan AlSheikh.
• Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jul 7; 102 (27): e34216e34216.

RationaleThe autosomal dominant condition known as neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is characterized by café au lait macules and neurofibromatosis. Aneurysms in renal arteries are rare. Renal artery aneurysm (RAA) can be successfully treated with endovascular procedures; however, successful cases in NF-1 adults have not been reported.Patient ConcernsHere, we report the case of a 30-year-old female suffering from NF-1. The patient presented to the emergency department with complaints of chronic, poorly controlled hypertension. A left RAA was found om the computed tomography angiography (CTA).DiagnosesA left renal artery aneurysm was diagnosed using CTA during workup for secondary hypertension.InterventionsSelective angiographym of the left renal artery confirmed a fusiform aneurysm of the distal renal artery. A self-expandable covered stent was placed, and a completion angiogram demonstrated good aneurysm sealing and contrast flow to the left kidney.OutcomesThe patient's blood pressure improved after the procedure. Her medications were lowered to almost half of their baseline doses, and hydralazine was discontinued. On the follow-up visit after 4 months, the patient reported his home-measured systolic blood pressure to be less than 120 mm Hg. A repeated CTA of the abdomen showed post-left RAA repair with a covered stent and interval improvement of the left kidney.LessonsRAA caused by NF-1 are manageable and feasible with endovascular intervention.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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