• Pavel S Roshanov, ChanMatthew T VMTVDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong and Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong., Flavia K Borges, David Conen, C Y Wang, Denis Xavier, Otavio Berwanger, Maura Marcucci, Daniel I Sessler, Wojciech Szczeklik, Jessica Spence, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Carmen Fernández, Rupert M Pearse, German Malaga, Amit X Garg, Sadeesh K Srinathan, Michael J Jacka, Vikas Tandon, Michael McGillion, Ekaterine Popova, Alben Sigamani, Valsa Abraham, Bruce M Biccard, Juan Carlos Villar, Clara K Chow, Carísi A Polanczyk, Maria Tiboni, Richard Whitlock, Gareth L Ackland, Mohamed Panju, André Lamy, Robert Sapsford, Colin Williams, WuWilliam Ka KeiWKKDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong., Olga L Cortés, S Danielle MacNeil, Ameen Patel, Emilie P Belley-Côté, Sandra Ofori, William F McIntyre, Darryl P Leong, Diane Heels-Ansdell, Krysten Gregus, and P J Devereaux.
• Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada.
• Anesthesiology. 2024 Jan 1; 140 (1): 8248-24.

BackgroundIn previous analyses, myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery, major bleeding, and sepsis were independently associated with most deaths in the 30 days after noncardiac surgery, but most of these deaths occurred during the index hospitalization for surgery. The authors set out to describe outcomes after discharge from hospital up to 1 yr after inpatient noncardiac surgery and associations between predischarge complications and postdischarge death up to 1 yr after surgery.MethodsThis study was an analysis of patients discharged after inpatient noncardiac surgery in a large international prospective cohort study across 28 centers from 2007 to 2013 of patients aged 45 yr or older followed to 1 yr after surgery. The study estimated (1) the cumulative postdischarge incidence of death and other outcomes up to a year after surgery and (2) the adjusted time-varying associations between postdischarge death and predischarge complications including myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery, major bleeding, sepsis, infection without sepsis, stroke, congestive heart failure, clinically important atrial fibrillation or flutter, amputation, venous thromboembolism, and acute kidney injury managed with dialysis.ResultsAmong 38,898 patients discharged after surgery, the cumulative 1-yr incidence was 5.8% (95% CI, 5.5 to 6.0%) for all-cause death and 24.7% (95% CI, 24.2 to 25.1%) for all-cause hospital readmission. Predischarge complications were associated with 33.7% (95% CI, 27.2 to 40.2%) of deaths up to 30 days after discharge and 15.0% (95% CI, 12.0 to 17.9%) up to 1 yr. Most of the association with death was due to myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (15.6% [95% CI, 9.3 to 21.9%] of deaths within 30 days, 6.4% [95% CI, 4.1 to 8.7%] within 1 yr), major bleeding (15.0% [95% CI, 8.3 to 21.7%] within 30 days, 4.7% [95% CI, 2.2 to 7.2%] within 1 yr), and sepsis (5.4% [95% CI, 2.2 to 8.6%] within 30 days, 2.1% [95% CI, 1.0 to 3.1%] within 1 yr).ConclusionsOne in 18 patients 45 yr old or older discharged after inpatient noncardiac surgery died within 1 yr, and one quarter were readmitted to the hospital. The risk of death associated with predischarge perioperative complications persists for weeks to months after discharge.Copyright © 2023 American Society of Anesthesiologists. All Rights Reserved.

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