• Yu Fu, Ge Yu, Naswa Maulana, and Katie Thomson.
• Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, 1-3 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK.
• Br. Med. Bull. 2023 Dec 11; 148 (1): 224122-41.

IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) has shown significant health inequalities for people with low socioeconomic status associated with more risk factors. This review was to synthesize interventions that targeted CVD risks and outcomes among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations and to understand the impact associated with these interventions.Sources Of DataCochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched for records published in the last decade using a systematic search strategy, complemented by screening the reference lists and citation indexes. Nineteen studies were included and a narrative synthesis with the effect direction plot was undertaken in which studies, interventions, participants and outcomes were examined according to the intervention type focusing on behaviours, lifestyle, education, medication and monitoring.Areas Of AgreementNo universal definition of disadvantaged socioeconomic status was used with common factors relating to racial/ethnic minorities, low income and low or no health insurance. Mixed effects of interventions were reported on clinical outcomes including weight, body mass index, blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin and cholesterol.Areas Of ControversyInconsistent effect was reported due to a large variety of settings, participants and intervention components although they are considered necessary to address the complex health needs of socioeconomically disadvantaged populations.Growing PointsThere is inadequate evidence to determine whether any of the intervention types are effective in optimising lipids management for socioeconomically disadvantaged populations.Areas Timely For Developing ResearchResearch is needed with mixed evidence using real world evaluation and lived experience combined with health economic evaluation, on both mental and physical health outcomes.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press.

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