• Shu Li, Minying Liu, Jingchao Yang, Xiang Yan, Yaru Wu, Liyong Zhang, Min Zeng, Dabiao Zhou, Yuming Peng, and Daniel I Sessler.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China. Electronic address: lishu@bjtth.org.
• J Clin Anesth. 2024 Feb 1; 92: 111285111285.

Study ObjectivesTranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic that is widely used to reduce surgical bleeding. However, TXA occasionally causes seizures and the risk might be especially great after neurosurgery. We therefore tested the hypothesis that TXA does not meaningfully increase the risk of postoperative seizures within 7 days after intracranial tumor resections.DesignRandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority trial.SettingBeijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University.Patients600 patients undergoing supratentorial meningioma resection were included from October 2020 to August 2022.InterventionsPatients were randomly assigned to a single dose of 20 mg/kg of TXA after induction (n = 300) or to the same volume of normal saline (n = 300).MeasurementThe primary outcome was postoperative seizures occurring within 7 days after surgery, analyzed in both the intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations. Non-inferiority was defined by an upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the absolute difference being <5.5%. Secondary outcomes included incidence of non-epileptic complication within 7 days, changes in hemoglobin concentration, estimated intraoperative blood loss. Post hoc analyses included the types and timing of seizures, oozing assessment, and a sensitivity analysis for the primary outcome in patients with pathologic diagnosis of meningioma.Main ResultsAll 600 enrolled patients adhered to the protocol and completed the follow-up for the primary outcome. Postoperative seizures occurred in 11 of 300 (3.7%) of patients randomized to normal saline and 13 of 300 (4.3%) patients assigned to tranexamic acid (mean risk difference, 0.7%; 1-sided 97.5% CI, -∞ to 4.3%; P = 0.001 for noninferiority). No significant differences were observed in any secondary outcome. Post hoc analysis indicated similar amounts of oozing, calculated blood loss, recurrent seizures, and timing of seizures.ConclusionAmong patients having supratentorial meningioma resection, a single intraoperative dose of TXA did not significantly reduce bleeding and was non-inferior with respect to postoperative seizures after surgery.Registry InformationThis trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04595786) on October 22, 2020, by Dr.Yuming Peng.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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