• Saudi Med J · Nov 2023

    Olfactory dysfunction among patients with COVID-19.

    • Feras M Alkholaiwi, Alhanouf F Altamimi, Hanan H Almalki, Fay A Almughaiseeb, Shoug S Alsubaie, Hessah S Alsayahi, Fras W Alhijli, Reema S Alobaishi, Amit Agrawal, Zuhour A Alqahtani, and Fahad Z Alotaibi.
    • From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alkholaiwi, Alotaibi), College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the College of Medicine (Almalki, Almughaiseeb, Alsubaie, Alhijli, Alobaishi), Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. (Altamimi) From the Department of Family Medicine (Altamimi), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Family Medicine (Alsayahi), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Family Medicine (Alqahtani), John Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Paediatrics (Agrawal), Gandhi Medical College, MP, India.
    • Saudi Med J. 2023 Nov 1; 44 (11): 108511031085-1103.

    ObjectivesTo assess the frequency of olfactory dysfunction (OD) among individuals afflicted with coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsA comprehensive literature search was carried out across several bibliographical databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) to extract publications in the English language between January 2020 and December 2021 to report the incidence of OD alone or together with gustatory dysfunction (GD) among COVID-19 patients.ResultsBased on eligibility criteria, 84 articles were included from 27 countries, comprising 36,903 patients, of whom 58.1% were females. The generality rates of olfactory impairment alone was 34.60% and in conjunction with GD was 11.36%. Patients with OD were subclassified into various categories, and the prevalence of anosmia was 20.85%, 5.04% for hyposmia, 8.88% for anosmia or hyposmia, 1.84% for parosmia, 0.78% for phantosmia, and 0.02% for hyperosmia, among COVID-19 patients.ConclusionClinical features associated with OD, either isolated or in combination with GD, are common in patients with COVID-19 and consider important signs of COVID-19 that may guide clinicians in the early phase of the disease.PROSPERO Reg. No.: 417296.Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal.

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