• Jacques Baillargeon, Rachel R Deer, Yong-Fang Kuo, Dong Zhang, James S Goodwin, and Elena Volpi.
• Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX. Electronic address: jbaillar@utmb.edu.
• Mayo Clin. Proc. 2016 May 1; 91 (5): 587595587-95.

ObjectiveTo assess whether the receipt of androgen therapy is associated with a reduced 30-day rehospitalization rate among older men with testosterone deficiency.Patients And MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using a 5% national sample of Medicare beneficiaries. We identified 6372 nonsurgical hospitalizations between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2012, for male patients aged 66 years and older with a previous diagnosis of testosterone deficiency. Patients who died or lost Medicare coverage in the 30 days after hospital discharge or who were discharged to another inpatient setting were excluded from the analysis. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for the risk of 30-day hospital readmissions associated with receipt of androgen therapy.ResultsIn older men with testosterone deficiency, receipt of androgen therapy was associated with a reduced risk of rehospitalization (91 of 929 androgen users [9.8%] vs 708 of 5443 non-androgen users [13.0%]; OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.58-0.92) in the 30 days after hospital discharge. In a logistic regression analysis adjusting for multiple demographic, clinical, and health service variables, the OR was similar (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59-0.95). The adjusted OR for unplanned 30-day hospital readmissions was 0.62 (95% CI, 0.47-0.83). Each of these findings persisted across a range of propensity score analyses-including adjustment, stratification, and inverse probability treatment weighting-and several sensitivity analyses.ConclusionAndrogen therapy may reduce the risk of rehospitalization in older men with testosterone deficiency. Given the high rates of early hospital readmission among older adults, further exploration of this intervention holds broad clinical and public health relevance.Copyright © 2016 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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