• Yu Li, Siyu Dan, Fang Yang, Xiuli He, Ling He, and Wensheng Yue.
• Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong City, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Nov 24; 102 (47): e36172e36172.

RationaleProstate tuberculosis (PTB) has no specific symptoms, or insidious presentation in male reproductive system tuberculosis, and is difficult to detect in the early stage. When PTB develops to the late stage, it leads to disease progression and irreversible organ and tissue damage. At present, the imaging manifestations of prostate tuberculosis vary and are not well known to imaging physicians and urologists.Diagnoses And InterventionsThis case was a PTB patient, whose main manifestation was elevated serum prostate-specific antigen and the diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. We analyzed the imaging performance of various imaging techniques, and summarized and explored the imaging characteristics reported in the previous literature, with the aim of improving the early detection rate and providing evidence-based practice for early regular antituberculosis treatment in PTB.OutcomesThe multiparametric transrectal ultrasound performance of PTB is characteristic, and can be used for the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer causing elevated prostate-specific antigen levels in aged men.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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