• Young-Eun Joe, Jae-Hoon Lee, Darhae Eum, Ji-Ho Kim, and Jeong-Rim Lee.
• Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
• Paediatr Anaesth. 2024 Mar 1; 34 (3): 259266259-266.

BackgroundThe administration of intravenous dexamethasone increases the duration of neuraxial block and improves the quality of analgesia. However, little is known about these effects of dexamethasone on peripheral nerve blocks in children.AimsIn this study, we aimed to investigate the benefit of intravenous dexamethasone for enhancing the effect of pudendal block on postoperative analgesia in children who underwent hypospadias surgery.MethodsIn total, 46 children aged 6-36 months who underwent hypospadias surgery were randomly allocated to either a control group (normal saline, group C) or dexamethasone group (0.5 mg/kg, group D). Pudendal block was performed before the surgery using 0.3 mL/kg of 0.225% ropivacaine on both sides. Parents were instructed to press the patient-controlled analgesia bolus button when their children's pain score was >4 points. The primary outcome measure was the time at which the first patient-controlled analgesia by proxy bolus dose was administered. The secondary outcome measures were pain score, number of patient-controlled analgesia administration by proxy bolus attempts, number of rescue analgesics required, total amount of fentanyl administered, and overall parental satisfaction.ResultsThe time of first patient-controlled analgesia bolus administration by proxy was not different between the control and dexamethasone groups (5.6 [5.2, 8.8] h versus 6.5 [5.4, 8.1] h, hazard ratio 0.8, 95% confidence intervals 0.43 to 1.47, p = .46). There were no statistically significant differences among the secondary outcomes.ConclusionsAdministration of intravenous dexamethasone did not enhance the duration of pudendal nerve block in infants and children aged 6-36 months who underwent hypospadias surgery.© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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