• Muhammad Nasir Rahman, Aiysha Nasir, Ihsan Ullah, Ghufran Adnan, Awais Farhad, and Maria Ali Khan.
• Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
• J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2023 Dec 1; 33 (12): 135513601355-1360.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical results of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided intervention for calcified coronary artery lesions.Study DesignObservational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2013 to January 2020.MethodologyA cohort of 134 consecutive patients who underwent intravascular ultrasonography-guided assessment of coronary arteries were included. Patients were divided into two groups: those with coronary artery calcification (CAC, n=77) and those without (non-CAC, n=57). The two groups were compared for their clinical characteristics, management, in-hospital events, follow-up, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).ResultsThe mean follow-up duration was 40.3 ± 30.1 months. Most of the patients were male (n=97, 72.3%), and the mean age was 63.1 ± 12.9 years. In the CAC group, age was the most common risk factor, followed by dyslipidaemia (n=68, 88%), hypertension (n=64, 83%), and Diabetes mellitus (n=44, 57%). CAC group patients were more commonly presented with acute coronary syndrome (n=59, 76.6%), had prior PCI (n=40, 52%), had more LM disease (n=34, 44%, p=0.005), and a significant number of prior stent-ISR (n=27, 35%, p=0.024). Those who had CAC had higher MACE.ConclusionPatients with CAC had more co-morbidities and commonly presented with acute coronary syndrome. MACEs frequency was recorded higher in the CAC group although the results were not statistically significant.Key WordsCoronary artery calcification, Intravascular imaging, Coronary artery disease, Target vessel revascularisation, Percutaneous coronary intervention.

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