• Farida Habib Khan, Ayesha Akbar Khalid, Hend Mohammed Alkwai, Reem Falah Alshammari, Fahaad Alenazi, Khalid Farhan Alshammari, Ehab Kamal Ahmed Sogeir, and Asma Batool.
• Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2023 Dec 1; 33 (12): 140014041400-1404.

ObjectiveTo compare high-para and low-para women with respect to haematological findings, determinants, and consequences secondary to anaemia.Study DesignDescriptive cohort study. Place and Duration of the Study: Maternity and Child Hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia and Specialist Care Hospital (private), Islamabad, Pakistan, from April 2022 to April 2023.MethodologyThe study population comprised of pregnant women in the last trimester, with the exception of those women who had more than one fetus and history of haematological disease. Purposive non-probability sampling technique was adopted. Hospital data were retrieved retrospectively for the past obstetrical, contraception usage, and supplement history. Blood parameters, type of delivery, and maternofetal complications were noted down. For qualitative-variable and quantitative-variable comparisons, Chi-square test and t-test were applied, respectively. Significance level was kept at p ≤0.05.ResultsThe frequency of severe anaemia in high-para was 52%. High parity and anaemia had a significant dose-response relationship (p <0.05). There was a significant difference (p <0.05) in blood parameters between high-para and low-para groups. Main determinants identified for anaemia were lack of intake of iron-rich food (36%) followed by inadequate intake of oral iron (25%). Preterm birth (68%) and post-partum haemorrhage (96%) were significantly associated (p <0.05) with high parity. There was a significantly high proportion (83%) of high-para women with more than 3 cesarean deliveries and admissions in ICU.ConclusionHigh parity and anaemia had a significant dose-response relationship. High parity was the main determinant of maternal and fetal admissions in ICU.Key WordsParity, Comparison, Maternal anaemia, Haematological findings, Diet, Contraception, Cost-effective.

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