• Ihtisham Ul Haq, Nazneen Liaqat, Israr Ud Din, Imran Khan, and Shakir Ullah.
• Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan.
• J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2023 Dec 1; 33 (12): 144514481445-1448.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of conchal cartilage graft and temporalis fascia graft in Type 1 tympanoplasty in terms of graft uptake and hearing improvement.Study DesignDescriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Otolaryngology, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, from January 2020 till December 2022.MethodologyUsing quota sampling, 2 groups were made i.e. conchal cartilage group (Group A) and temporalis fascia group (Group B). Total of 124 records were selected with 62 records from each group. Graft uptake rate and audiological outcomes were compared between the groups. Moreover, postoperative complication rate was also noted for each group.ResultsThe graft uptake rates between Group A and B at 3rd month were compared postoperatively (98.39%, 93.55%, p=0.36). The difference between preoperative mean air-bone gap (ABG, 28.05 ± 2.19dB, 28.68 ± 2.38 dB, p=0.12) and postoperative mean ABG (13.35 ± 3.45, 14.47 ± 3.29, p=0.69) was also statistically not significant. However, the differences regarding audiological success rate between cartilage and fascia groups (96.77%, 82.25%, p=0.01) and average operating time (51.8 ± 2.1 vs. 43.5 ± 3.2 minutes, p=0.009) were significantly different.ConclusionIn chronic otitis media (COM) patients with subtotal perforations, endoscopic tympanoplasty using conchal cartilage or temporalis fascia as graft yielded comparable outcomes in terms of graft uptake, hearing improvement, and postoperative complications. However, using conchal cartilage, the procedure showed better audiological success rate. With temporalis fascia as graft, the procedure was performed in a shorter time.Key WordsChronic otitis media, Tympanoplasty, Temporalis fascia, Conchal cartilage, Subtotal perforation.

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