• Tayyiba Wasim, Tahira Nasrin, Javeria Zunair, and Sonia Irshad.
• Tayyiba Wasim, FCPS, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Services Hospital Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1; 40 (1Part-I): 788378-83.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of letrozole vs Clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in PCOS women.MethodsThis double blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at Services Hospital, Lahore, from January 2016 to December 2020. Total 220 patients, diagnosed with PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria were randomly assigned into two groups after taking informed consent. The women were followed for ovulation, pregnancy and live birth rates in the next five consecutive menstrual cycles with either clomiphene citrate or letrozole.ResultsLetrozole had significantly better pregnancy rate (29.0% vs 15.4% p-value 0.015), monofollicular development (77.2% vs 52.7% p-value 0.000) and live birth rate (25.4% vs 10.9% p-value 0.005) as compared to clomiphene citrate. There was no difference between the two groups in ovulation rate (68.1% vs 63.6%, p-value 0.477), early pregnancy loss (3.6% vs 4.5% p-value 0.734), and twin pregnancy (0.0% vs 1.81% p-value 0.155). There was no ectopic pregnancy and no congenital anomalies in both groups. Hot flushes were higher in clomiphene group (31.8% vs 12.7% p-value 0.001) while fatigue (30.9% vs 8.1% p-value 0.000) and dizziness (21.8% vs 10.0% p-value 0.029) was higher with letrozole but these were well tolerated.ConclusionLetrozole is better treatment choice than clomiphene citrate in PCOS women with infertility in terms of pregnancy and live birth rate.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05702957.Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.

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