• Rong Liu, Zhicai Yu, Changxue Xiao, Feng Xu, Shufang Xiao, Juan He, Yan Shi, Yuanyuan Hua, Jimin Zhou, Guoying Zhang, Tao Wang, Jianyu Jiang, Daoxue Xiong, Yan Chen, Hongbo Xu, Hong Yun, Hui Sun, Tingting Pan, Rui Wang, Shuangmei Zhu, Dong Huang, Yujiang Liu, Yuhang Hu, Xinrui Ren, Mingfang Shi, Sizun Song, Jumei Luo, Gang He, and Juan Zhang.
• Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.
• Pediatr Crit Care Me. 2024 May 1; 25 (5): 425433425-433.

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric sepsis in Southwest China PICUs.DesignA prospective, multicenter, and observational study.SettingTwelve PICUs in Southwest China.PatientsThe patients admitted to the PICU from April 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023. The age ranged from 28 days to 18 years. All patients met the criteria of severe sepsis or septic shock.InterventionsNone.Measurements And Main ResultsOf the 31 PICUs invited to participate, 12 PICUs (capacity of 292 beds) enrolled patients in the study. During the study period, 11,238 children were admitted to the participating PICUs, 367 (3.3%) of whom met the diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock. The most prevalent sites of infection were the respiratory system (55%) and the digestive system (15%). The primary treatments administered to these patients included antibiotics (100%), albumin (61.3%), invasive mechanical ventilation (58.7%), glucocorticoids (55.6%), blood products (51%), gammaglobulin (51%), and vasoactive medications (46.6%). Sepsis-related mortality in the PICU was 11.2% (41/367). Nearly half of the sepsis deaths occurred within the first 3 days of PICU admission (22/41, 53.7%). The mortality rate of septic shock (32/167, 19.2%) was significantly higher than that of severe sepsis (9/200, 4.5%; p < 0.001). The outcomes of a multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that a higher pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and the use of invasive mechanical ventilation and vasoactive medications were independently associated with PICU mortality in children with sepsis.ConclusionsThis report updates the epidemiological data of pediatric sepsis in PICUs in Southwest China. Sepsis is still a life-threatening disease in children.Copyright © 2024 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.

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