• Neuroscience · May 2024

    Review

    Development of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and the advantage of using hiPSCs as a model system to study Parkinson's disease.

    • SamsonJennifer SallyJSDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India., Anuradha Ramesh, and ParvathiVenkatachalam DeepaVDDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India. Electronic address: deepaparvathi@sriramachandra.edu.i.
    • Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India.
    • Neuroscience. 2024 May 14; 546: 1191-19.

    AbstractMidbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons are significantly impaired in patients inflicted with Parkinson's disease (PD), subsequently affecting a variety of motor functions. There are four pathways through which dopamine elicits its function, namely, nigrostriatal, mesolimbic, mesocortical and tuberoinfundibular dopamine pathways. SHH and Wnt signalling pathways in association with favourable expression of a variety of genes, promotes the development and differentiation of mDA neurons in the brain. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the complex signalling pathways involved in development of mDA neurons. hiPSC models have been acclaimed to be effective in generating complex disease phenotypes. These models mimic the microenvironment found in vivo thus ensuring maximum reliability. Further, a variety of therapeutic compounds can be screened using hiPSCs since they can be used to generate neurons that could carry an array of mutations associated with both familial and sporadic PD. Thus, culturing hiPSCs to study gene expression and dysregulation of cellular processes associated with PD can be useful in developing targeted therapies that will be a step towards halting disease progression.Copyright © 2024 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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