• Fang Yang, Zhihua Lan, Huabing Chen, and Rongfang He.
• Anorectal Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Mar 29; 103 (13): e37599e37599.

AbstractHemorrhoidal disease (HEM) is a common condition affecting a significant proportion of the population. However, the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and hemorrhoids remains unclear. In this study, we employed a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the potential associations between them. In this study, the exposure factor was determined by selecting summary statistics data from a large-scale gut microbiome whole-genome association study conducted by the MiBioGen Consortium, which involved a sample size of 18,340 individuals. The disease outcome data consisted of 218,920 cases of HEM and 725,213 controls of European ancestry obtained from the European Bioinformatics Institute dataset. Two-sample MR analyses were performed to assess the causalities between gut microbiota and hemorrhoids using various methods, including inverse-variance weighting, MR-Egger regression, MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), simple mode, and weighted median. Reverse MR analyses were performed to examine reverse causal association. Our findings suggest phylum Cyanobacteria (OR = 0.947, 95% CI: 0.915-0.980, P = 2.10 × 10 - 3), genus Phascolarctobacterium (OR = 0.960, 95% CI: 0.924-0.997, P = .034) and family FamilyXI (OR = 0.974, 95% CI: 0.952-0.997, P = .027) have potentially protective causal effects on the risk of HEM, while genus Ruminococcaceae_UCG_002 (OR = 1.036, 95% CI: 1.001-1.071, P = .042), family Peptostreptococcaceae (OR = 1.042, 95% CI: 1.004-1.082, P = .029), genus Oscillospira (OR = 1.048, 95% CI: 1.005-1.091, P = .026), family Alcaligenaceae (OR = 1.048, 95% CI: 1.005-1.091, P = .036) and order Burkholderiales (OR = 1.074, 95% CI: 1.020-1.130, P = 6.50 × 10-3) have opposite effect. However, there was a reverse causal relationship between HEM and genus Oscillospira (OR = 1.140, 95% CI: 1.002-1.295, P = .046) This is the first MR study to explore the causalities between specific gut microbiota taxa and hemorrhoidal disease, which may offer valuable insights for future clinical interventions for hemorrhoidal disease.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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