• Malek Bashti, Chase DeLong, Muhammet Enes Gurses, Victor M Lu, Martín Merenzon, Alexis Morell, Lekhaj Daggubati, Ricardo Jorge Komotar, Ashish H Shah, and Michael E Ivan.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. Electronic address: malekbashti@gmail.com.
• World Neurosurg. 2024 Jul 1; 187: e568e576e568-e576.

BackgroundBrain metastases from esophageal cancer (BMEC) are rare and aggressive, with limited literature on optimal treatment modalities and a standard of care yet to be established. The objective of this study was to systematically review existing literature and perform a retrospective analysis of our institution's patients to evaluate the influence of different treatment modalities on patient outcomes.MethodsA systematic review of the literature following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and a retrospective review of our institutional experience with BMEC were both conducted. Data based on mean survival,histology, metastasis location, and treatment modality were abstracted.ResultsA total of 48 studies representing 136 patients with BMEC were identified, in addition to the 11 patients treated at our institution. There were a total of 100 males (12 unreported), with a median age of 62.2 at diagnosis in our systematic review, along with 8 males with a median age of 62 in our institutional review. Collectively, survival rates observed based on histology were not similar (squamous cell carcinoma: 9.2 months, adenocarcinoma: 13.4 months), however, based on treatment modalities (surgery: 11.6 months, radiation: 10.4 months, chemotherapy: 12.3 months), and metastasis location (supratentorial: 10.5 months, infratentorial: 9.9 months), the survival times were comparable.ConclusionsOur review suggests that causes of death were often independent of brain metastases highlighting the need for further studies on early detection and prevention of primary esophageal cancer, as well as improved treatment modalities for BMECs.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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