• World Neurosurg · Jul 2024

    Review

    Horizontal Gaze Assessment: An Extensive Narrative Review.

    • Sara Henao Romero, Julián Alfonso Sierra Peña, Roberto Carlos Diaz Orduz, and Miguel Enrique Berbeo-Calderon.
    • Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Neurosurgery research seedbed, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Electronic address: sarahenaor@gmail.com.
    • World Neurosurg. 2024 Jul 1; 187: e1011e1016e1011-e1016.

    ObjectiveBipedalism was a significant milestone in the evolutionary development of Homo sapiens sapiens, influencing neocortical evolution and subsequent behavioral changes. Coordinated visual and sensory inputs are crucial for posture, environmental interaction, and surgical planning, with horizontal gaze being a pivotal parameter. This narrative review aims to explore various geometric measures used to assess horizontal gaze in patients, highlighting their applications in surgical planning.MethodsA literature review was conducted in indexed databases using Mesh terms like "Cervical Vertebrae" and "Visual Fields" along with keywords such as "horizontal gaze" and "sagittal spine parameters." Among 477 initially identified articles, 41 were selected for inclusion after rigorous filtering.ResultsThe most recognized method for assessing horizontal gaze is the Chin Brow Vertical Angle (CBVA), initially described in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clinical photography is employed as a tool for CBVA calculation, while other measures like McGregor slope and Slope of the Line of Sight have been considered as alternatives to CBVA. Each method presents its unique advantages and limitations.ConclusionsThis review highlights the need for further research into horizontal gaze measurement methods. Developing novel approaches to determine horizontal gaze can significantly enhance surgical planning and, consequently, improve patient outcomes. The ongoing exploration of these geometric measures offers promising prospects for advancing the field and optimizing patient care.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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