• Keqin Jin, Shuangshuang Shen, Ruyong Shi, Xiayuan Xu, and Min Hu.
• Genetic Laboratory, Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jul 12; 103 (28): e38717e38717.

AbstractExosomes, small membranous microvesicles released by cells, contain a range of bioactive molecules, including proteins and miRNAs, which play critical roles in intercellular communication and physiological and pathological processes. Current research suggests that exosomal miRNAs could serve as valuable biomarkers for prenatal diseases, offering a noninvasive method for early detection and monitoring. Studies linking exosomal miRNAs to various birth defects, including fetal growth restriction, urinary tract malformations, cardiovascular system malformations, and hereditary diseases like Down syndrome, were discussed. However, there are some conflicting study findings due to different exosome separation methods. Here, we also discussed exosome separation methods, emphasizing the importance of method selection based on specific purposes and sample types. Further studies are needed to standardize isolation techniques, understand the specific mechanisms underlying exosomal miRNA function, and develop reliable noninvasive prenatal diagnostic indicators. Overall, exosomal miRNAs show promise as potential biomarkers for prenatal diagnosis, but further research is necessary to validate their clinical utility.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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