• Daniela M H Padilha, Maria C S Mendes, Maria E S Takahashi, Fabiana Lascala, Marina N Silveira, Lara Pozzuto, Larissa A O Carrilho, Lívia D Guerra, Rafaella C L Moreira, Sandra R Branbilla, Celso Darío Ramos, and CarvalheiraJosé B CJBCDepartment of Anesthesiology, Oncology and Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas SP, Brazil. Electronic address: jbcc@unicamp.br..
• Department of Anesthesiology, Oncology and Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas SP, Brazil; Nestlé Health Science, Lausanne, Switzerland.
• Nutrition. 2024 Aug 20; 128: 112561112561.

BackgroundAdipose tissue radiodensity and metabolic activity may influence COVID-19 outcomes. This study evaluated the association between adipose tissue characteristics and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients.MethodsTwo retrospective cohorts of hospitalized COVID-19 patients were analyzed. Subcutaneous adipose tissue radiodensity (SATR) and visceral adipose tissue radiodensity were assessed by computed tomography. Fluorine-18-labelled fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography measured adipose tissue metabolic activity. Associations with mortality, length of stay, ventilation requirement, and complications were examined using regression analyses.ResultsHigh SATR was independently associated with increased mortality risk (OR: 2.70; P = 0.033), longer hospitalization (P < 0.001), higher rates of mechanical ventilation (P = 0.007), and complications: acute kidney injury (P = 0.001), secondary infection (P = 0.007), shock (P = 0.010), and pulmonary embolism (P = 0.011). SATR positively correlated with SAT glucose uptake (ρ = 0.52) and negatively with leptin levels (ρ = -0.48).ConclusionsElevated SATR at COVID-19 diagnosis predicts disease severity and worse outcomes. SATR is a potential prognostic biomarker for acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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