• Postgrad Med J · Sep 2024

    Association between non-neoplastic bladder diseases and bladder cancer risk: insights from Mendelian randomization studies.

    • Yi Zhang, Rongkang Li, Shaohua Zhang, and Hangxu Li.
    • Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 2 Heping Road, Section 5, Linghe District, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
    • Postgrad Med J. 2024 Sep 17.

    PurposeOur aim is to explore the relation between non-neoplastic bladder diseases and bladder cancer (BC) from a genetic level utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to cystitis, bladder stones, and neuropathic bladder were gathered from the IEU genome-wide association studies database. Quality control on SNPs was performed via stringent screening criteria. The relation between non-neoplastic bladder diseases and BC risk was evaluated using inverse-variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods. Cochran's Q test was conducted to assess the heterogeneity of SNPs; in addition, the MR-Egger intercept test was employed to examine the horizontal pleiotropy of SNPs. Exposure and outcomes were validated using a validation database. Finally, BC was used as the exposure and non-neoplastic bladder diseases as the outcome to evaluate reverse causality.ResultsThe outcomes showcased that genetically predicted cystitis is significantly correlated to a raised risk of BC (inverse-variance weighted: odds ratio [95%] = 1.1737 [1.0317, 1.3352], P = .0149), consistent with the BC validation cohort in the MR analysis. Nevertheless, no causal relation was found between bladder stone and neuropathic bladder with BC risk (P > .05). In this study, sensitivity analysis indicated no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy.ConclusionThe study presents proof of a genetic-level causal relation between cystitis and increased BC risk, while bladder stones and neuropathic bladder do not show similar associations.© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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