• Michael F Costello, Robert J Norman, Luk Rombauts, Cynthia M Farquhar, Lisa Bedson, Marlene Kong, Clare V Boothroyd, Rebecca Kerner, Rhonda M Garad, Trudy Loos, Madeline Flanagan, Ben W Mol, Aya Mousa, Daniela Romualdi, Baris Ata, Ernesto Bosch, Samuel Dos Santos-Ribeiro, Ksenija Gersak, Roy Homburg, Nathalie Le Clef, Mina Mincheva, Terhi Piltonen, Sara Somers, Sesh K Sunkara, Harold Verhoeve, Helena J Teede, and Australian NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Reproductive Life UI Guideline Network and the ESHRE guideline group for unexplained infertility.
• NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in Women's Health in Reproductive Life, Sydney, NSW.
• Med. J. Aust. 2024 Oct 21; 221 (8): 438446438-446.

IntroductionThe 2024 Australian evidence-based guideline for unexplained infertility provides clinicians with evidence-based recommendations for the optimal diagnostic workup for infertile couples to establish the diagnosis of unexplained infertility and optimal therapeutic approach to treat couples diagnosed with unexplained infertility in the Australian health care setting. The guideline recommendations were adapted for the Australian context from the rigorous, comprehensive European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) 2023 Evidence-based guideline: unexplained infertility, using the ADAPTE process and have been approved by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council.Main RecommendationsThe guideline includes 40 evidence-based recommendations, 21 practice points and three research recommendations addressing: definition - defining infertility and frequency of intercourse, infertility and age, female and male factor infertility; diagnosis - ovulation, ovarian reserve, tubal factor, uterine factor, laparoscopy, cervical/vaginal factor, male factor, additional testing for systemic conditions; and treatment - expectant management, active treatment, mechanical-surgical procedures, alternative therapeutic approaches, quality of life. CHANGES IN ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT RESULTING FROM THE GUIDELINE: This guideline refines the definition of unexplained infertility and addresses basic diagnostic procedures for infertility assessment not considered in previous guidelines on unexplained infertility. For therapeutic approaches, consideration of evidence quality, efficacy, safety and, in the Australian setting, feasibility, acceptability, cost, implementation and ultimately recommendation strength were integrated across multidisciplinary expertise and consumer perspectives in adapting recommendations to the Australian context by using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework, which had not been used in past guidelines on unexplained infertility to formulate recommendations. The Australian process also included an established data integrity check to ensure evidence could be trusted to guide practice. Practice points were added and expanded to consider the Australian setting. No evidence-based recommendations were underpinned by high quality evidence, with most having low or very low quality evidence. In this context, research recommendations were made including those for the Australian context. The full guideline and technical report are publicly available online and can be accessed at https://www.monash.edu/medicine/mchri/infertility and are supported by extensive translation resources, including the free patient ASKFertility mobile application (https://www.askfertility.org/).© 2024 The Author(s). Medical Journal of Australia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of AMPCo Pty Ltd.

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