• G Chanques, S Jaber, J M Delay, P F Perrigault, J Y Lefrant, and J J Eledjam.
• Unité de réanimation et de transplantation, département d'anesthésie-réanimation B, hôpital Saint-Eloi, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier 5, France. g-chanques@chu-montpellier.fr
• Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2003 Dec 1; 22 (10): 879-85.

ObjectivesIncidence and management of positive pressure non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in intensive care unit (ICU) in the postoperative period.Study DesignPhoning study performed on September 2001 in 60 ICU of south of France (public: 47, private: 13, medical: 11, surgical: 20, medical-surgical: 29), which were randomized from a national list.ResultsNIV was used currently on 55% and casually on 35% of the units. Ten percent of ICU, which never use NIV, were surgical on 83% with a lower number of bed (7 +/- 3 vs. 12 +/- 5). The most often humidification device used was a Heat and Moisture Exchanger (HME) (52%), a Heated Humidifier (HH) (26%), either (4%) and none device (19%). ICU that never used a humidification device used a home ventilator in 30%. Ventilators used were more often heavy ICU ventilators (80%) with a facial mask (89%). NIV was performed exclusively by physicians in 15% of cases and in collaboration after the first application in 71% of cases. Sixty-nine % of intensivists used NIV as a first choice for the treatment of acute postoperative respiratory failure and 54% of intensivists for the treatment of postoperative atelectasis.ConclusionUse of NIV increases in ICU, particularly in surgical units. Practices are different between ICU. An HME is the most frequently humidification device used.

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