• Jesús Jurado-Palomo, José Luis Martin-Conty, Begoña Polonio-López, Juan J Bernal-Jiménez, Rosa Conty-Serrano, Michele Dileone, Miguel A Castro Villamor, Carlos Del Pozo Vegas, Raúl López-Izquierdo, Cristina Rivera-Picón, Francisco Martín-Rodríguez, and Ancor Sanz-García.
• Hospital General Nuestra Señora del Prado, Talavera de la Reina, Spain.
• Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2024 Oct 7: e14329e14329.

IntroductionThe use of medications by emergency medical services (EMS) is increasing. Conventional scores are time-consuming and therefore difficult to use in an emergency setting. For early decision-making, an easy-to-use score based on the medications administered by the EMS may have prognostic value. The primary objective of this study was to develop the prehospital drug-derived score (PDDS) for 2-day mortality.MethodsA prospective, multicenter, ambulance-based cohort study was conducted in adults with undifferentiated acute diseases treated by EMS and transferred to the emergency department. Demographic data, prehospital diagnosis data, prehospital medication and variables for the calculation of the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2), Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS), and Rapid Acute Physiology Score (RAPS) were collected. The PDDS was developed and validated, establishing three levels of risk of 2-day mortality. The predictive capability of each score was determined by the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and compared using the Delong's test (p-value).ResultsA total of 6401 patients were included. The PDDS included age and the use of norepinephrine, analgesics, neuromuscular blocking agents, diuretics, antihypertensive agents, tranexamic acid, and bicarbonate. The AUROC of PDDS was .86 (95% CI: .816-.903) versus NEWS2 .866 (95% CI: .822-.911), p = .828; versus REMS .885 (95% CI: .845-.924), p = .311; versus RAPS .886 (95% CI: .846-.926), p = .335, respectively.ConclusionThe newly developed easy-to-use prehospital drug-derived PDDS score has an excellent predictive value of early mortality. The PDDS score was comparable to the conventional risk scores and therefore might serve as an alternative score in the prehospital emergency setting.© 2024 The Author(s). European Journal of Clinical Investigation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.

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