• Yu-Ling Xiong, Chao Peng, Ying-Jiang Deng, Wei Li, Yin Huang, and Yue Tian.
• Department of Gastroenterology, Fengdu People's Hospital, Chongqing, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Dec 6; 103 (49): e40800e40800.

RationaleAntibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis (AAHC) is a special type of antibiotic-associated colitis. Due to the increased use of antibiotics, especially amoxicillin, which is commonly used in clinical practice, the incidence of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis has also increased. However, doctors have insufficient understanding of this disease, and patients may be missed or misdiagnosed.Patient ConcernsA 71-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody stools. There was a history of oral amoxicillin before the onset of the disease.DiagnosisThe final diagnosis of this patient was amoxicillin-associated hemorrhagic colitis.InterventionsThe patient stopped using antibiotics and was given "Bifidobacterium quadruplex live bacterial tablets and L-glutamine sodium gualenate granules" orally.OutcomesAfter oral administration, the patient's symptom rapidly were completely alleviate. Follow-up colonoscopy revealed normal mucosal images.LessonThrough this case report, doctors should increase their understanding of the disease, especially for patients with sudden abdominal pain accompanied by bloody stools as the main complaint, it is significant to attend to inquiries about the history of antibiotic use, such as amoxicillin, and pay attention to the discovery of acid-producing Klebsiella in the fecal microbiota.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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