• Stefanie Berger, Leonie Schouten, Franziska Mauz, Frank Petzke, Andrea Kurz, and Ulrike Kaiser.
• Institut für Pflegewissenschaft und -praxis, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Strubergasse 21, 5020, Salzburg, Österreich.
• Schmerz. 2025 Jan 2.

AbstractHealth services research looks at a form of care under contextual conditions. Often, and especially in the treatment of recurrent or chronic pain, these forms of care are complex interventions. Ensuring internal validity for subsequent interpretability of the results achieved as an essential requirement for studies in health services research therefore presents researchers with the challenge that they have to develop complex study protocols and implement and monitor them in clinical care. By its very nature, interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy (IMST) involves multimodal interventions in an interdisciplinary care setting. In the reality of care, contextual factors for the effectiveness and feasibility of IMST are of great importance. On the one hand, health services research provides appropriate recommendations for the planning, implementation and evaluation of studies on complex interventions under contextual conditions, which can be of great importance for further research into the effectiveness of IMST. On the other hand, experience from interdisciplinary pain research can also help to successfully plan and conduct studies on complex interventions. This article introduces the understanding of interdisciplinarity (and interprofessionalism) in pain medicine and research, outlines possible key points for study planning and implementation using the example of two health services research studies and concludes by discussing gaps in research on interdisciplinary collaboration in pain medicine and research.© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.

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