• Der Schmerz · Jan 2025

    [Biomarkers in complex regional pain syndrome].

    • Michael Alexander Harnik, Gudrun Kindl, Frank Birklein, and Heike L Rittner.
    • Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Zentrum für interdisziplinäre Schmerzmedizin (ZiS), Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland.
    • Schmerz. 2025 Jan 20.

    AbstractComplex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a severe pain disorder with an unclear pathophysiology. Biomarkers offer opportunities to enhance diagnosis, stratification, prognosis, and monitoring. Serum markers such as cytokines and microRNAs show potential but require further research. Local skin markers, particularly pro-inflammatory cytokines, are elevated in the acute stage and correlate with disease activity. Imaging techniques such as skeletal scintigraphy and functional magnetic resonance imaging provide valuable insights into structural and functional changes, despite inconsistent results to date. Psychosocial factors, including pain intensity and psychological comorbidities, are important prognostic indicators. Future research should focus on specific biomarkers to develop mechanism-based treatments. A multidisciplinary approach remains crucial for effective treatment.© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.

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