• Peter G Gibson, Heather Powell, and Francine M Ducharme.
• Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, John Hunter Hospital, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, Australia. Peter.Gibson@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au <Peter.Gibson@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au>
• J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2007 Feb 1;119(2):344-50.

BackgroundCombination therapy with long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs)/inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) has become established as effective maintenance treatment for asthma.ObjectiveTo compare and contrast the efficacy and safety of LABAs/ICSs against different maintenance ICS strategies in adults with asthma.MethodsCochrane systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (to April 2004) were identified that compared the addition of LABA to ICS against 3 inhaled corticosteroid strategies: (1) a similar dose (n = 4312 subjects), (2) a higher dose (n = 4951), and (3) a similar dose in steroid-naive subjects (n = 968). The outcomes evaluated were asthma exacerbations, asthma control, and adverse effects. Pediatric studies were excluded.ResultsThe addition of LABA to ICSs significantly reduced the risk of exacerbations compared with a similar ICS dose, number needed to treat = 18. The effects of LABA/ICSs on exacerbations compared with the other maintenance inhaled corticosteroid strategies were not statistically significant. LABA added to inhaled corticosteroids led to significant improvements in asthma control compared with all 3 maintenance ICS strategies. There was an increased risk of tremor with LABA/ICSs that reached significance for initial therapy, number needed to harm = 21, and compared with higher ICS doses, number needed to harm = 74.ConclusionMaintenance asthma therapy with LABA/ICSs has differential effects on asthma control and asthma exacerbations.Clinical ImplicationsThe greatest benefit and least harm of LABAs comes when they are added to a similar ICS dose in adults with symptomatic asthma.

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