• F O Müller, C L Odendaal, F R Müller, J Raubenheimer, M V Middle, and M Kummer.
• South Africa Clinical Trials (Pty.) Ltd., George, South Africa.
• Arzneimittel Forsch. 1998 Jun 1;48(6):675-9.

AbstractFifty-five patients suffering from refractory chronic back pain took part in a double-blind, multiple-dose, randomised, cross-over study to compare the efficacy and tolerability of a fixed-dose capsule preparation containing 500 mg paracetamol (CAS 103-90-2) and 30 mg codeine phosphate 1/2 H2O (CAS 41444-62-6) (talvosilen forte, test preparation) with a reference capsule preparation containing 50 mg tramadol hydrochloride (CAS 22204-88-2), in a regimen of two capsules 8-hourly. There were two treatment periods of up to 7 days each. Cross-over took place, without washout, at the end of 7 days, or sooner if patients were unable to tolerate the first treatment. The test preparation was at least as efficacious as the reference in the treatment of back pain (81% of patients experienced good or satisfactory pain relief). 81% of patients tolerated the test well compared to only 69% receiving the reference, as per protocol analysis. The results of this study suggest that the test product is at least as efficacious as tramadol in the treatment of patients with refractory chronic back pain, whilst being better tolerated.

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