• AIDS · Sep 2008

    Comparative Study

    Antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women with advanced HIV disease and pregnancy outcomes in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

    • Didier K Ekouevi, Patrick A Coffie, Renaud Becquet, Besigin Tonwe-Gold, Appolinaire Horo, Rodolphe Thiebaut, Valériane Leroy, Stéphane Blanche, François Dabis, and Elaine J Abrams.
    • ANRS 1201/1202 DITRAME PLUS Project, PACCI Collaboration, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, France. ekouevi@aviso.ci
    • AIDS. 2008 Sep 12;22(14):1815-20.

    BackgroundPregnancy outcomes in women receiving highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) in Africa are not well described.MethodsHIV-1-infected pregnant women in the ANRS Ditrame Plus and the MTCT-Plus projects were included. Between March 2001 and July 2003, when HAART was not yet available, women eligible for HAART received a short-course antiretroviral regimen, zidovudine (ZDV) or (ZDV + lamivudine) and single dose of nevirapine for preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT group). Between August 2003 and August 2007, eligible women for HAART received it (HAART group). The frequencies of low birth weight (LBW) (<2500 g), stillbirth and infant mortality are reported. Risk factors associated with LBW were investigated using a logistic regression model.ResultsOf the 326 HIV-infected pregnant women, 175 women received short-course antiretroviral (median CD4 cell count 177 cells/microl) and 151 received HAART (median CD4 cell count 182 cells/microl). At 12 months, three paediatric infections (2.3%) occurred in the HAART group vs. 25 (16.1%) in the PMTCT group (P < 0.001). The rate of LBW was 22.3% in the HAART group and 12.4% in the PMTCT group (P = 0.02). In multivariable analysis (n = 309), after adjustment on maternal CD4 cell count, WHO stage, age and maternal BMI, HAART initiated before pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-7.51] and during pregnancy (adjusted OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.15-4.65) and maternal BMI at delivery (adjusted OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.20-4.91) were associated with LBW.ConclusionHAART in pregnant African women with advanced HIV disease substantially reduced mother-to-child transmission, but was associated with LBW.

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