• O Noizet-Yverneau, F Leclerc, N Bednarek, B Santerne, A Akhavi, M Pomédio, A David, and P Morville.
• Service de réanimation néonatale et pédiatrique, hôpital Alix-de-Champagne, CHU de Reims, 46, rue Cognacq-Jay, 51100 Reims, France. o.noizet@voila.fr
• Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2010 Mar 1;29(3):227-32.

AbstractNoninvasive ventilation (NVI) is increasingly used in paediatrics, although there is a high variety of practices and a paucity of published data in paediatrics. The last French consensus conference recognized a specific role of NVI for infants suffering from acute bronchiolitis with apnoea, and acute respiratory failure due to laryngotracheomalacia and cystic fibrosis. NVI is feasible and can be beneficial in paediatric acute respiratory failure during neuromuscular diseases. Like in adults, its place in other diseases such as acute bronchoalveolitis without apnoea, acute respiratory failure during neuromuscular diseases, status asthmaticus, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and postextubation respiratory failure is growing, even though not always defined. All these adult recommendations have not been validated in the pediatric setting, and, thus, taking the paediatric characteristics into account is essential. In 2010, NVI had an important place in PICU, and must be managed by a trained team whose practice is regularly evaluated.Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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